Foo. Let us now see whether the several facts and rules relating to the geological succession of organic beings, better accord with the common view of the immutability of species.ssss
New species have appeared very slowly, one after another, both on the land and in the waters. Lyell has shown that it is hardly possible to resist the evidence on this head in the case of the several tertiary stages; and every year tends to fill up the blanks between them, and to make the percentage system of lost and new forms more gradual.
In some of the most recent beds, though undoubtedly of high antiquity if measured by years, only one or two species are lost forms, and only one or two are new forms, having here appeared for the first time, either locally, or, as far as we know, on the face of the earth.
If we may trust the observations of Philippi in Sicily, the successive changes in the marine inhabitants of that island have been many and most gradual. The secondary formations are more broken; but, as Bronn has remarked, neither the appearance nor disappearance of their many now extinct species has been simultaneous in each separate formation.
First principles:
Transition from ICE to EV. How?
People have to prefer EV over ICE. How?
EV has to be better than ICE. How?
I will try to identify and explain objective v.s. subjective arguments. I will try to refrain from hand wavy subjective statements.